Internal wall phosphogypsum hazards
Phosphogypsum: potential uses and problems – a review
Abstract. Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O) is a waste product generated by the phosphate industry. World production of this waste exceeds 200 million tonnes per year. PG, discharged into the sea, watercourses or in wilderness stocks, contains toxic elements harmful to ecosystems and human health, including heavy …
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Phosphate, phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum natural …
The concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K maintained in phosphate rock (PR), phosphoric acid (PA) and phosphogypsum (PG) samples and its possible radiation hazards, have been measured. The radionuclides in phosphate rock have been redistributed unsymmetrically between phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum during …
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Pressed non-fired bricks from phosphogypsum …
In several countries of the world, phosphogypsum represents a large quantity of waste that poses serious problems of environmental and groundwater pollution. This study aims at recovering...
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Production Waste Management: Qualitative and …
Processes 2023, 11, 3033 2 of 17 and 2045, the total amount of phosphogypsum will double [2–6], and the problem of dis-posal of this waste has not yet been resolved.
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Valorization of phosphogypsum in cement-based materials…
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a type of synthetic gypsum generated during the production of phosphoric acid. Each ton of phosphoric acid generates 5 tons of phosphogypsum. ... they can be an external and internal source of radiation [131]. During the production of phosphoric acid, most of U and Th are dissolved, however, most Ra is …
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Effect of wall sheathings on seismic behaviour of phosphogypsum …
To improve the seismic behaviour of cold-formed steel (CFS) walls, a novel infilled CFS wall covered with different wall sheathings (gypsum wallboard, oriented strand board and fibre cement board) was assessed. Four full-scale specimens were tested under cyclic lateral loads to investigate the impacts of the wall sheathings on the seismic …
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Potential uses of phosphogypsum: A review
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of the phosphate fertilizer industry that is produced during the phosphoric acid production process. Annual global PG production ranges between 100 to 300 Mt, with only 15% of that utilized while the rest is usually placed on large dumps with potential serious human and environmental impacts. The aim of this ...
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Environmental impact and management of …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a waste by-product from the processing of phosphate rock by the "wet acid method" of fertiliser production, which currently accounts for over 90% of …
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Reuse of phosphogypsum pretreated with water washing as …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is reused as aggregate in the cemented backfill, which effectively improves the PG reutilization efficiency. However, the massive …
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Phosphogypsum as a construction material
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product generated from the phosphorus fertilizer industry (phosphoric acid production). PG is similar to natural gypsum, but there are some differences, of which it contains some impurities such as water-soluble phosphate (P 2 O 5), water-soluble fluoride (F −) and P 2 O 5 substituted in the gypsum crystal …
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Properties, Purification, and Applications of Phosphogypsum…
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product produced during the wet process of phosphoric acid (H3PO4) production from natural phosphate rocks. Approximately 4–6 tons of PG is produced per ton of phosphoric acid production, where worldwide PG generation exceeds 300 million tons annually. The vast majority of produced PG is discarded …
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The Development of a New Phosphogypsum-Based …
Wet natural phosphogypsum (PGF) was directly obtained from the slag heap of the Tunisian Chemical Group M'dhilla Plant (Gafsa, Tunisia). The washed phosphogypsum (PGW) was obtained by washing the PGF; this was placed in a large sieve and washed several times until the wash water obtained a neutral pH (between 6.7 …
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Environmental impact and management of phosphogypsum
The production of phosphoric acid from natural phosphate rock by the wet process gives rise to an industrial by-product called phosphogypsum (PG). About 5 tons of PG are generated per ton of phosphoric acid production, and worldwide PG generation is estimated to be around 100–280 Mt per year. This by-product is mostly disposed of …
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Production Waste Management: Qualitative and Quantitative
Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO4·2H2O) is a waste product (or by-product) from the production of phosphoric acid, the main component in the production of concentrated simple and complex fertilizers. The world production of phosphogypsum exceeds 200 million tons per year. PG discharged into water bodies (seas, rivers) or …
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Reaction characteristics and kinetics of phosphogypsum …
Large-area stacking of solid waste phosphogypsum (PG) and coal gangue (CG) poses environmental contamination hazards. This work presents the reaction characteristics, thermal decomposition behavior and reaction kinetics of composite reducing agent on PG decomposition. The results show that the composite reducing agent of CG …
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Environmental Impact of Phosphogypsum-Derived Building …
In this way, it is possible to determine how the most hazardous components of phosphogypsum behave during procedures until their stabilization through CO 2 …
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Nanomaterials | Free Full-Text | The Generation Process, …
As phosphogypsum constitutes a large amount of solid waste material, its purification treatment and comprehensive utilization have close connection with economic development and ecological environmental protection. For the moment, the storage quantity of phosphogypsum is still rising as a result of the increasing phosphate fertilizer …
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Environmental impact assessment of phosphate fertilizers …
1. Introduction. Anthropogenic activity especially usage of phosphate fertilizers and phosphogypsum waste (a by-product of phosphate ore processing into fertilizer) in agriculture field significantly increases the radioactivity level of cultivated soil compared to soil of barren land [1].Phosphate fertilizers are used during the plant growth …
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Phosphogypsum: Properties and Potential Use in …
acid, 4–5 tons of phosphogypsum are produced (El Issiouy et al. 2013; Papastefanou et al. 2006). Currently, between 3 and 4 billion tons of phosphogypsum have been produced, with an annual rise of 300 million tons (Cuadri et al. 2021). The question of considering phosphogypsum as a waste or a resource has been
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Phosphogypsum: Properties and Potential Use in Agriculture
2.1 Phosphogypsum Generation Processes. The wet and dry process are the two main commercial processes used to produce phosphoric acid from natural phosphate. The dry process consists of a thermal reduction of rock phosphate at 2000 °C using an electrical furnace in the presence of coke or silica.
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A review on the environmental impact of phosphogypsum …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production that contains radioactive and hazardous elements. This review evaluates the geochemical …
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Phosphogypsum circular economy considerations: A critical …
Phosphogypsum (PG) is the primary byproduct generated during the production of phosphoric acid, an intermediate product in phosphate fertilizer production, from calcium phosphate (apatite) ore. PG also exists in very small amounts in nature where it is the result of natural guano processes as they took for instance place in the …
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Environmental Impact of Phosphogypsum-Derived Building …
The aim of the present work was to characterize the products obtained from the treatment of phosphogypsum residue by means of two recovery routes, and also to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides in the materials obtained and their leachates. ... thus representing a hazard to both the environment and local …
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Production Waste Management: Qualitative and Quantitative
Phosphogypsum (PG: CaSO4·2H2O) is a waste product (or by-product) from the production of phosphoric acid, the main component in the production of concentrated simple and complex fertilizers.
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Reuse of phosphogypsum pretreated with water washing as …
Next, the backfill slurry was injected into plastic molds with internal dimensions of 40 × 40 × 40 mm. There was a 0.2 mm small hole at the bottom of the mold to drain the excess water in the ...
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Phosphogypsum | US EPA
Phosphogypsum contains radium, which decays to form radon gas. Both radium and radon are radioactive and can cause cancer. The Clean Air Act regulations require that phosphogypsum be managed in engineered stacks to limit public exposure …
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Radiological characterization of phosphate rocks, phosphogypsum …
Radiological characterization of phosphate rocks, phosphogypsum, phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizers in Morocco: An assessment of the radiological hazard impact on the environment ... The internal exposure of 222 Rn and its daughter products is controlled by an internal hazard index, H in, which is defined by the …
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Phosphogypsum: potential uses and problems – a …
PG, discharged into the sea, watercourses or in wilderness stocks, contains toxic elements harmful to ecosystems and human health, including heavy metals and radionuclides, and there is therefore a …
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Radiation and Phosphogypsum
• Phosphogypsum produced in North Florida contains roughly 5 – 10 picocuries per gram (pCi/g) of radium while phosphogypsum from Central Florida contains about 20 – 35 pCi/g radium. • The U.S. EPA prohibits the use of phosphogypsum. An exception is made for phosphogypsum with an average concentration less than 10 pCi/g radium which can ...
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Radiological characterization of phosphate rocks, phosphogypsum …
Radiological characterization of radionuclides contained in the phosphate rocks, phosphogypsum, phosphoric acid, and phosphates fertilizers (DAP, NPS, NPK, TSP, and TAP) in Morocco have been performed to provide a database for the assessment of the environmental and the radiological impacts.The measurements of the activity …
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